1. The focus of the lecture's talk is the importance about tourism as an industry and the impact that is has on culture.
2. The three main factors that the lecturer will discuss is that, firstly, during the past few decades, there has been very little planning and investment in things like public health, electricity, drinking water and last but not least, training local people for the tourism sector. Secondly, considerable energy and resources are spent on so called 'improvements'. Thirdly, there is the influence tourists have on the local population.
3. Before the lecturer begins, he reminds everybody the 2 different types of impact on new tourist destination. On the one hand, there is the new impact of tourism as an industry. On the other, tourism and tourists themselves have an influence on the people living there.
C – Listen to Part 2 of the lecture and make notes.
D – Answer the questions on the handout on the right, using your notes.
a. What factor did the lecturer discuss first?
The factor that the lecturer first discussed was about political influences.
b. What examples of this factor did the lecturer mention?
The influence of election results, specifically the new government in the UK.
c. What happened in 1979?
In 1979, Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative government started to address some of the errors or complicaions of state-owned industries in both manufacturing and service sectors.
d. What were the effects for business?
The process of privacy of the state industries change the business landscape. So, new business opportunities were cmade, and the manufacture sector benefits of the tourism sector was greatly declined.
e. Which organization campaigns on environmental issues?
Greenpeace.
f. Which organization found it hard to recover from a negative image?
The Royal Dutch Shell in 1995.
g. What does Iceland’s whaling industry have to do with the influence of pressure groups?
To stop whaling.
h. Why could it be hard for tourism organizations to practice sustainable tourism?
Because it is difficult for them to have the correct amount in profits
i. What type of economic activity has decreased and what type has increased in developed countries?
Farm products is an example of an economic activity that has decreased. By the other hand, manufacturing is an economic activity that has increased.
j. What might be the effects of the increasing economic power of countries such as India and China?
That the governments are trying to reduce people’s reliance on farming in favor of new manufacturing and tourism.
G- Study the phases. Which type of information follows each phrase? Write the complete statement from the lecture.
a. I’m going to try to explain some of the major factors which exert pressure on the sector from the outside, that is to say, I shall mainly be looking at some of the different types of external influences which affect the way businesses in tourism and hospitality operate. Purpose for speaking
b. Don’t misunderstand me, I don’t want to imply that there are no internal questions for a company – as we all know, operators have to think about how they manage their businesses and their finance and so on. Clarification
c. To some degree, individual companies will be affected differently, but… (continues below)Tentative point
d. it is fair to say that they will all have to keep an eye on which way inflation or interest rates are going, or demand and competition in a particular location. Another point
e. Not only that, but they also have to keep track of the government policies of the country or the countries where they operate. Another point
f. In an attempt to try to keep the discussion of external pressures on business reasonably simple, though, I’m going to focus mainly on three areas: politics, economics and, very importantly, the environment. Statement of a topic
g. The evidence shows that this is especially true with respect to airline carriers. Definite point
h. Mass tour operators are a case in point. Example
i. Peter Drucker, who was a major business thinker, gives a good description of this in his article entitled ‘The New Society’ published in The Economist in 2001. Summary of a source
j. Briefly, in The Economist article, Drucker explains how at the beginning the 20th century (in 1913) farm products accounted for 70% of world trade. Restatement
k. One writer in Money Management magazine has no doubt that, and I quote, ‘China will continue to be a dominant player driving world growth, which will have flow-through to other economies.’ Summary of a source
C – Listen to Part 2 of the lecture and make notes.
D – Answer the questions on the handout on the right, using your notes.
a. What factor did the lecturer discuss first?
The factor that the lecturer first discussed was about political influences.
b. What examples of this factor did the lecturer mention?
The influence of election results, specifically the new government in the UK.
c. What happened in 1979?
In 1979, Margaret Thatcher’s Conservative government started to address some of the errors or complicaions of state-owned industries in both manufacturing and service sectors.
d. What were the effects for business?
The process of privacy of the state industries change the business landscape. So, new business opportunities were cmade, and the manufacture sector benefits of the tourism sector was greatly declined.
e. Which organization campaigns on environmental issues?
Greenpeace.
f. Which organization found it hard to recover from a negative image?
The Royal Dutch Shell in 1995.
g. What does Iceland’s whaling industry have to do with the influence of pressure groups?
To stop whaling.
h. Why could it be hard for tourism organizations to practice sustainable tourism?
Because it is difficult for them to have the correct amount in profits
i. What type of economic activity has decreased and what type has increased in developed countries?
Farm products is an example of an economic activity that has decreased. By the other hand, manufacturing is an economic activity that has increased.
j. What might be the effects of the increasing economic power of countries such as India and China?
That the governments are trying to reduce people’s reliance on farming in favor of new manufacturing and tourism.
G- Study the phases. Which type of information follows each phrase? Write the complete statement from the lecture.
a. I’m going to try to explain some of the major factors which exert pressure on the sector from the outside, that is to say, I shall mainly be looking at some of the different types of external influences which affect the way businesses in tourism and hospitality operate. Purpose for speaking
b. Don’t misunderstand me, I don’t want to imply that there are no internal questions for a company – as we all know, operators have to think about how they manage their businesses and their finance and so on. Clarification
c. To some degree, individual companies will be affected differently, but… (continues below)Tentative point
d. it is fair to say that they will all have to keep an eye on which way inflation or interest rates are going, or demand and competition in a particular location. Another point
e. Not only that, but they also have to keep track of the government policies of the country or the countries where they operate. Another point
f. In an attempt to try to keep the discussion of external pressures on business reasonably simple, though, I’m going to focus mainly on three areas: politics, economics and, very importantly, the environment. Statement of a topic
g. The evidence shows that this is especially true with respect to airline carriers. Definite point
h. Mass tour operators are a case in point. Example
i. Peter Drucker, who was a major business thinker, gives a good description of this in his article entitled ‘The New Society’ published in The Economist in 2001. Summary of a source
j. Briefly, in The Economist article, Drucker explains how at the beginning the 20th century (in 1913) farm products accounted for 70% of world trade. Restatement
k. One writer in Money Management magazine has no doubt that, and I quote, ‘China will continue to be a dominant player driving world growth, which will have flow-through to other economies.’ Summary of a source
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